TL;DR
Match Cuts
A match cut is a sophisticated editing technique where two shots are matched by action, subject, or composition. This requires meticulous planning during production to ensure the elements align seamlessly [1:1]. The goal is to maintain narrative flow without the audience noticing the transition, making it one of the more challenging techniques to execute effectively. Famous examples include the bone-to-spaceship transition in "2001: A Space Odyssey" and the match cuts in "Jurassic Park"
[1:1]. When planning for match cuts, precise measurements and overlays can assist in achieving compositional continuity
[4:1].
Jump Cuts
Jump cuts, on the other hand, are more straightforward and are characterized by a noticeable skip in time within the same scene. They are often used to compress time, showing only the essential parts of a process or sequence [2:2]. While jump cuts can be seen as a stylistic choice, they can also appear jarring if not executed thoughtfully. They have become popular in modern video content, such as YouTube videos, where they are used to remove pauses or errors in speech
[2:3]. However, traditional filmmaking often avoids them unless intentionally aiming for a disjointed or edgy feel
[2:5].
Applications and Considerations
Both match cuts and jump cuts serve different narrative purposes. Match cuts are ideal for creating visual metaphors or linking disparate scenes through shared elements, enhancing storytelling by drawing parallels. Jump cuts, however, are effective for conveying urgency or highlighting changes over time. They can also add an artistic flair when used to emphasize abstract concepts or themes [2:2]. Understanding the context and desired impact is crucial when deciding which technique to employ. As one commenter noted, the best cuts often go unnoticed, blending seamlessly into the narrative
[3:2].
This is a great youtube channel that's full of practical information.
Match cuts have to be thought out in the production, Achieving seamless matches requires meticulous planning during shooting. Sound transitions also matter a lot while maintaining narrative flow. The best one is Jurassic Park match cut.
Match cutting is considered one of the most difficult video editing techniques, because finding a pair of shots that match can take days, if not weeks. Then executing it seamlessly without the audience noticing it is real skillful mastery of the craft.
A fact, Netflix has a MatchCutting tool. They are always finding collaboration opportunities and hiring great machine learning engineers for building out the tools in editing. Their trailers and Stranger things series has extensive use of this.
https://i.redd.it/srdsn6kzkldf1.gif
A promo was made using a series of action mat cuts from Extraction, Red Notice, Sandman, Glow, Arcane, Sea Beast, and Royalteen.
Yes, contrast cut seems much easier to plan, both logistically & creatively.
For more Editing Basics:
I'm very much an amateur, I just do little videos for social media and take little udemy courses about video making. So I'm not pro or anything but I have a lot of fun with it. One thing I struggle with is the jump cut. For some reason, I seem to want to use it, maybe many amateurs do, maybe it's an easy, instinctual thing to do. Sometimes when I use it, I think it looks edgy or arty, and then later, I realize it doesn't. Even when I've thought carefully about how I'm going to use a jump cut, it often ends up looking a bit janky.
Today I did a little video with only one shot that wasn't a jump cut (I punched in), and it worked! I think reason is that the subject was a process (ie, a sequence of steps to a final end point), and I still took some care with almost match cuts on movement (ie cut on similar or complementary movements between clips).
It got me thinking, I would really love to see like a comprehensive guide to using the jump cut, ie all the situations where it can work and ways to use it effectively. Any leads or words of wisdom?
Thanks.
I'd be interested to see what other people say about it. It's become "a thing" recently as people just snip bits out to remove ums and ahs from speech or whatever, and have this very disjointed tic-y hopping about jump cut thing. I don't particularly like it, but I'm from an era when if you needed to edit a bit you cut away to some B roll of some sort, or just changed to a different angle.
Also I feel like people practiced what they were going to say a bit more so they weren't quite so stumbly.
I think jump cuts can work with sequences or steps of a process, like I said, that's what I did. A series of jump cuts can represent compressed time, so in a process, it can say: "I'm not going to show you the whole process, just the idea of the main steps". I was just reading that jump cuts can be used to show abstract concepts, ideas, themes, and that was a good way to think about it.
> I think jump cuts can work with sequences or steps of a process
That's the absolute solid gold use for jump cuts, but I feel like you've got to make sure that only one thing changes, or rather only the thing that drives the story. It looks a bit crap if you've just got someone twitching about the screen to edit out flubs, but then compare that with Spud's job interview in Trainspotting :-)
Classical thinking: jump cuts, lens flare, zooming in/out, basically anything that brings attention to the actual process of moviemaking is a big no-no.
French New Cinema has long broke most of the classic rules, so shoot in whatever style you like and call it yours. Just make it understandable. Or not, if you don't care about the viewers understanding what is happening.
P.S. I hate punching in/out that many youtubers who shoot with just one camera do - they think this adds energy to the video, but I find it extremely annoying. Cutting ums and ahs out is less annoying because at least it has a reason.
Yes I've started to notice some youtube videos where the punching in became obvious and didn't really serve a purpose. In my case, I did punch in to show something in more detail.
I'd be curious what you think of this: What is a Jump Cut & When to Use It - 5 Essential Jump Cut Editing Techniques Explained
StudioBinder offers solid info.
This has been a boil on my butt for 40 years now. As a local TV photographer, we were trained up hard to avoid jump cuts at all costs. Broll to cover, tight shots, letting people go in and out of frame. Yet immediately after our local news, you get the network news. And story after story full of jump cuts. It was hard to know if it was a speed/time crunch issue (likely) or no one at that level knew it was wrong. They made 5 times what we were making, but they were doing it “wrong”. Or….did the viewer even care?
Interesting, as a beginner, I do get the feeling that there are some situations where jump cuts can work, even tho I often do them janky. My little video that (imho) works, was a process with multiple steps, so the jump cut sort of says: "here is the idea of the steps to an end result, without showing you the whole process".
I guess it’s how picky does someone want to be with what constitutes a jump cut. If taken literally, it should never be acceptable. But you see it so much that some known exceptions exist…yours is one of them. I think context matters…it does to me…but the viewers are more forgiving than I give credit for.
I've tried a J cut in an interview I'm editing, with a cut between a close up and a mid-shot. He comes to the end of his sentence and we linger on his face for a couple of seconds while we hear his next answer from the next shot.
However, a colleague said to me "don't you realise you can hear him talking but you don't see him yet?" as if it were a mistake. They might not have known my intention but clearly the edit didn't look natural to them.
Any thoughts on when to use or when not to use J cuts specifically in interviews? How do I make it seem natural? Or should I try to avoid them?
I’ve been in this exact situation. Since I had no artistic attachment to the project I just let the client think they’re right.
As for a general rule for those cuts? Something I remember from a Hitchcock interview “The best cuts go unnoticed” (I’m paraphrasing) and I think that it’s true to an extent, but in the end it’s your vision and you know what you’re doing. And somebody watching out there will see what you saw.
I think interview J and L cuts can be pretty cool. Especially when it’s used in an emotional way.
I saw it done most recently in the Ruby Franke documentary. But it's not invisible the way I'm doing them, so I think I should just do them as standard cuts if I'm second guessing them
You generally don’t use jarring J or L cuts in interviews when you are keeping the focus on the same individual in the next scene. It does not work and it causes confusion. The exact kind of confusion your colleague demonstrated.
The only time it really works is when you are cutting to or from b-roll footage that is illustrative of what the person being interviewed is saying. For example an author could start talking about the seaside town where they are born, and you could have b-roll of that town showing with the author talking before it then cuts to the talking head of the author.
If I'm reading this correctly I think it would be pretty jarring to have your subject speak, stop, then start speaking off camera while he's still silent on camera from the same shot. It makes it seem like there's a sync issue.
Not from the same shot, but cutting either from the close to the mid or the other way round
Don’t mean to put words in the OCs mouth but I think they mean same shot as in the same person still there speaking. Yea it’s a different distance but same subject, same setting, same thread
This could work cutting from a male to a female or vice versa but from the same speaker back to themself again? Not sure…
I think J and L cuts work best when the scene changes. Since you're staying on the same subject, a J cut isn't necessary.
I have used J and L cuts in interviews when going back and forth between people if the standard cut feels too jarring. Especially if I can't line up eyelines (people fidget). But I'm only using a handful of frames, so it's not even a full second of audio before the visual part of the cut. If you have someone speaking enough that you're aware they're not present yet, the cut may be too long.
In the end, it's partially a stylistic choice but it needs to serve the cut. If it doesn't improve the final edit, don't do it.
Planning out a commercial shoot about a tradesman growing in his craft through his various jobs. Want to employ matchcuts between different houses to help communicate this. But I need help and advice on the setup and execution.
Here's the basic idea:
Long shot of house, head on. Maybe the tradesman is painting on ladder. Tradesman using small brush; ill-equipped. Bucket of paint falls off the ladder. Tradesman shakes head.
MATCH CUT
Same long shot compositon, as close as we can get it, on a different house. Tradesman using a bigger brush. This time maybe the tradesman almost knocks the bucket of paint over, but catches it.
MATCH CUT
Again, same long shot composition, a third different house. Tradesman has bucket of paint on a painter's hook. Tradesman is using a paint roller and tray.
So obviously we need to work out the details of what he's doing but that's besides the point. My question is: what can we do to ensure relative compositonal consistency and continuity between the shots? What steps can we take to make each house (obviously we'd look for similarly constructed houses) look the same and fill the frame in the same manner?
My first thought was onion-skinning and careful measurements of distance from the building and height of camera. Apart from this, are there any techniques or workflows that can help achieve this effect? Thanks for any advice you can offer. I apprecaite you all.
Measure everything. Distances to the house, actor, camera height, tilt, etc.
Get a way to overlay your previous shots on your monitors. You can literally draw with a whiteboard marker on the screen protector for example. Better ways to do it is to use SmallHDs overlay feature, or if you have a playback op on your shoot running Qtake they can easily make this happen
Shoot wider to allow reframing, so you can fine tune the alignment in post
Sweet. Thank you for the advice. Was curious how you measure tilt?
Was thinking of building a sort of mold/form to use as a guide for each setup. A rise/run thing out of wood to physically mark out the rough set up/alignment. Help us get in the ballpark before we check measurements.
These kinda transitions and he used filter match the clips for a transition in some parts how to do that
These kinda transitions and he used filter *to match the clips for a transition in some parts how to do that
Watch a lot of movies, there’s no easy way to do this.
You eat a bunch of content to create stuff like this, there’s no easy way or shortcut.
Literally just go and find shots that looks similar. You can do a bit of zoom manipulation or motion blur to hide the imperfections, but that's about it. Takes time and patience.
He use 2 things: Time and Patience.
And research
Cinema & images culture
The concept is on the name
You have clips that match
You cut them to transition their matching parts
What else do you want?
For the software to do the work for them.
I’ve been trying to find more videos like this where a sequence of completely unrelated images is cut together so that each frame matches the one before it, by shape, color, or texture and it ends up flowing almost like animation.
Is there a proper name for this kind of editing? I’ve been thinking of it as a “match-cut timelapse,” but I’m not sure if that’s an actual term or just a rough description.
I've always called this a form cut or form edit. In my editing classes we used form cuts to match shape color or composition of the previous scene or frame. Think the eyeball and drain transition in psycho. Someone else may correct me but that's what I have always called it.
EDIT: the word you may be looking for is montage instead of timelapse.
Thank you I will look into those terms!!
wherein the composition of a frame is pretext for the next; famous example being , Stanley Kubrick’s 2001, with bone in air transforming into spaceship.
edit: is that what it’s supposed to be? I think that’s what it’s supposed to be
The transition in Psycho is a great example of this editing technique. I think the correct term for it is a match cut.
Match cut
I'd never heard of Brackhage but his work is exactly what I am after! Thank you!
Check out the formalists / structural filmmakers. A lot of their work played with the 'grammar' of movies, focusing on things that are often otherwise invisible. Michael Snow made a whole movie on the function of "zoom." Frampton on frame rate. &c &c. Gotta of course start with "Man with a Movie Camera."
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_film
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structuralist_film_theory
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formalist_film_theory
I think the clip you used focuses more on the function of montage / collage.
It’s called a flicker film. It’s a common style of experimental short film.
I made one in college where I walked around San Francisco for hours using a super 8 camera to take single frame exposures of various building and house facades. It looked really cool when played back. I made a soundscape of construction noises to go with it inspired by the weeks long cacophony coming from the property next to my apartment at the time.
I also did a similar one with the wheels on cars that turned out really cool.
Thanks for your reply! I'd love to see them if you felt like sharing?
I would, but I don’t have it on my phone. It’s been a few years and digging up a link to wherever it might be online is a little more trouble than I am willing to go to at the moment.
Stan breakage was quite the visionary
seizure core
This image is simply just some visual reference, that i mean a perfect match cut.
I have one of these characters in and i would like to make an animation with a perfect match cut on their face.
This would be a close up on their face and the environment behind them would change.
I do have an idea of how i could do it but my question is what tools would i need to use to create this "perfect" match cut.
Is there any reason you couldn’t render them separately and composite them together afterwards?
Well i do want to render it seperately but how do i make sure the camera is in the exact same spot/distance towards the character in every shot?
I guess I’m not understanding… why not just render the entire character footage at once with no background, transparent, not moving the camera… then render each background scene separately… then overlay the character footage on top of each background footage?
If I understand correctly, you can achieve the following look many ways.
I'm imaging this as like the Bojack Horseman introduction, where the camera is fixed to a face, and the background changes, without moving from the face.
You can render multiple scenes, and edit them together, probably the easiest method. Have each background in a Folder group and have them visible during the Render, and change visibility and Render again. You can probably keyframe 1 scene to appear and another to disappear at the same time, but that might just be asking for trouble.
Alternatively, render the scene with the character on transparent background, then render your scenes as needed without, then comp those together as layers.
Yeah, youre spot on with the Bojack Horseman scene. Probably should have used that one.
But cant i also put the camera to the face, save it as asset and then put it into multiple scenes?
Maybe even lock the camera so it cant be moved?
You could, as long as you're confident you can get the placement correct each time. Matching the camera position to the location with proper Parenting would achieve this result I'm sure. I still however think it's easier to switch out the backgrounds and keep the character intact.
Hiding layers of backgrounds per keyframe, or rendering multiple short bursts of video to then compile together in editing software will keep things simple.
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So I watched this YouTube video that explained they did it in Severance by using double exposure with film but I’m wondering how I can recreate this match cut dissolve sort of effect digitally. Would an additive blend do it? What do I need to keep in mind when shooting to pull this off how they did it? Anything different than standard match cut procedure? Thanks
Looks like motion control to me. Camera on a rig that can have programmed, repeatable moves. Film different scenes with same move and then fade/cut between. VFX where needed to blend.
To me it just looks like a zoom in post
Definitely a zoom in post. No perspective changes on anything even a little bit. That camera is stationary.
Film on tripod, one in day lightning, one in night lighting, same place for camera and tripod, cross dissolve in post with matching slight zoom in added in post as well.
Will a standard dissolve give that effect of the brightest parts of the image staying longer than the darker?
Fiddle with blend modes if not
Yes as they're both gradually moving into darkness, it looks like there's a few daytime lights that stayed out were added into the night time transition as well though.
Not only in the same place, but locked off and bagged, with warning tape all around. Been there, done that.
Not entirely the same but I did a similar thing on this short..
Skip to .30 seconds in the trailer
https://youtu.be/t98DHrZSDVo?si=Q3nMNZvUh1decDRz
It was a carefully planned lighting coordination between 2 dimmer switches
And the reverse shot in the full short was shot in the day looking out the windows. I just had to match the color temp of the lights
Just a simple fade? 2 videos, overlap to fade on the transition?
I love match cuts
Match cuts are great, but can easily be overused.
Star wipes on the other hand...
I love match cuts too but they need to be well planed in advance and if possible tested beforehand.
A cut, always a cut! If a cut doesn't work then the shots don't belong next to each other!
I will say... this cross dissolve from The OA struck me hard when i first saw it.
Now I think of it as my favorite example of when a cross dissolve is actually the right choice when shots are specifically designed to work next to each other as dissolves
cross fade is still cool
..to show a passing of time only! Not as an alternative to a cut that doesn't work! :)
Unless it's a fade, or your name is "George Lucas."
Amen amen amen
I'll say something a little more than just a cut.
I edit in Premiere...when I need to use a fade/dissolve for any reason, I use the Impact dissolve. It's a basic dissolve like the stock one offered in Premiere however it is a lot smoother.
I've had clients who did not like the stock Premiere dissolve so this also gives you some flexibility if you need to switch between the two dissolves.
Star Wipe. Why eat hamburger when you can have steak?
Star-MOTHERFUCKING-Wipe.
And you can trust me, Jack Evans about editing. I have a massive amount of knowledge about it, as you can tell from my not understanding basic editing terminology and calling things that aren’t Jump Cuts, Jump Cuts. If that’s not enough, consider this:
Fed has camera cuts, Fed Bad. Ergo, Camera Cuts Bad
Isn’t the alleged problem the excess in that it’s to the level of that scene from Taken where it takes Liam Neeson 9 cuts to climb a fence not the existence of the cuts?
Also is “cutting” to a different camera even a jump cut?
> Also is “cutting” to a different camera even a jump cut?
Not at all; a "jump cut" is a very specific cut, where you don't switch camera angles at all, just remove a part of footage in between to give the illusion of time passing.
Or like in 99% of YouTube videos, where you abruptly cut away all your "umms" and awkward pauses, to give the illusion that you're actually good at speaking in front of the camera.
Isn't a Jump CUT when the editor removes frames from a shot to give the impression of speed or violence?
Yup, but don’t try to tell the basement that. If jumpcuts were completely eliminated certain moves would be completely exposed.
Hey, us in AEW don't hold onto each others legs on the rope doing useless moves.
Specfically, its keeping a continuous shot from a single camera while removing in between frames to give the effect of a jump in time
You know, literally the opposite of Dunn cutting to a different camera to hide that Dean Ambrose is trying to knee a guy in a different Zip Code than his opponent
I remember Mel Gibson explaining the idea on the Braveheart commentary but I wasn't sure.
People haven’t bitched about camera cuts in a minute so he had to bring it back
Yeah, but I think this is the first ever wrestler I've seen bitch about camera cuts. It's gonna be painful now that they have acknowledgment from someone in the business and continue with this meme like their lives depend on it.
He was literally on Wrestling Society X
Remember when Jack Evans was the only flippy shit guy and was king gringo down in Mexico. God time flies.
I never knew he was ever anything other than that. I’d just see him in like a mixed tag with maybe teddy hart or something on a triple mania card and that’s all I knew of him
difference between match cut and jump cut
Key Differences Between Match Cut and Jump Cut
Definition:
Purpose:
Visual Continuity:
Takeaway:
Recommendation: Consider the emotional tone and pacing of your scene when choosing between these cuts to ensure they serve your narrative effectively.
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