Elizabeth Magie and The Landlord's Game
The origins of Monopoly can be traced back to Elizabeth J. Magie Phillips, who invented "The Landlord's Game" in 1904. Magie's game was designed not for entertainment but as an educational tool to highlight the dangers of wealth inequality and unchecked capitalism [1]
[3]. Her intention was to demonstrate how landlords could bankrupt tenants while enriching themselves
[3]. Despite its innovative concept, when Magie pitched the game to Parker Brothers, it was deemed too complex
[2:1].
Charles Darrow and the Commercialization of Monopoly
Charles Darrow is often credited with inventing Monopoly, but he actually discovered Magie's idea, made modifications, and sold it to Parker Brothers as his own invention [3]. Darrow's narrative of creating the game during the Great Depression suited the American Dream, portraying him as a clever individual pulling himself out of poverty through ingenuity
[2:1]. This story overshadowed Magie's original intent and critique of capitalism
[5:1].
Legal and Cultural Implications
The prehistory of Monopoly is complex, with games similar to Monopoly circulating as handmade bespoke games before the 1930s [2:2]. While certain mechanics may be patentable, rules of games are not copyrightable, making game design a legally unprotectable pursuit
[2:2]. Magie missed an opportunity to contest ownership of Monopoly, possibly due to societal constraints on women at the time
[2:3]
[2:5].
Gameplay and Strategy
Monopoly has evolved over time, with various strategies emerging. For example, the orange properties are considered the best due to their high landing probabilities and favorable cost-to-rent ratios [4:1]. Some older versions of the game included instructions for a 30-minute variant, where the winner is determined by the most money and assets
[4:2].
Cultural Impact
Despite its origins as a critique of capitalism, Monopoly has become a staple of American culture, often reinforcing the very systems it was meant to criticize [5:1]. The irony of Magie's creation being co-opted to glorify capitalism is not lost on many who reflect on the game's history
[1:1]
[5:1].
Elizabeth J. Magie Phillips created the board game Monopoly. Or to be more specific she invented The Landlord's Game, the precursor to Monopoly.
She was born in Macomb, Illinois, in 1866. After moving to the D.C. and Maryland area in the early 1880s, she worked as a stenographer and typist at the Dead Letter Office. She was also a short story and poetry writer, comedian, stage actress and engineer.
Magie was an outspoken activist for the feminist movement. She believed that women were as capable as men in inventing, business, and other professional areas. In the 1800s, this belief was considered both novel and radical.
She once bought an advertisement where she tried to auction herself off as a "young woman American slave" looking for a husband to own her. In order to make a statement about the position of women and black people in the country. Showing how the only people that were truly free were white men.
(I included a picture of the Landlords Game which came out in 1906.)
Love it!!
And it was intended to demonstrate the inequity of capitalism. Which anyone who’s actually played by the rules can attest to.
The prehistory of Monopoly is very complex. Prior to the 1930s games with attributes we would say are “like Monopoly” had been circulating for quite a while, as handmade bespoke games, not commercial products.
Also, while certain game mechanics may be patentable, and game names and trade dress are trademarkable, rules of games are not copyrightable. Like cooking and fashion, game design is a largely legally unprotectable pursuit.
Yeah as much as the overall design looks similar, this is clearly not the same game. It doesn't look like there's any concept whatsoever of 'monopolies' in this game.
Edit: I looked up the original patent and it does look much closer to Monopoly. And different from what's pictured in the post.
Darrow presented himself as the sole inventor of Monopoly, spinning a story about creating the game in his basement during the Great Depression. It was a narrative perfectly suited to the American Dream: a clever individual pulling himself out of poverty through ingenuity.
Magie lamented that her game had been co-opted to glorify the very systems she sought to critique.
From the article, it sounds like she missed a big opportunity to contest ownership of Monopoly, ignoring the fact that it was clearly a ripoff, instead throwing her lot in with Parker Brothers, assuming they would market her game in good faith.
Her original game sounds fascinating and educational. What would the cultural impact have been if its ruleset effectively replaced Monopoly?
Lol bro literally said "she missed an opportunity to contest ownership of monopoly." This all took place in the 1930s lol. She probably didn't contest it because she knew, as a woman, approaching a bunch of suits at a company at this time wouldn't amount to much. She didn't miss an opportunity, she was eaten by the same system she was upset at.
Sounds like a job for r/writingprompts
Did they ever reimburse her at allll ?
Kinda funny that ‘free space to enjoy nature’ (Central Park) became Free Parking. 🤔 (something about the takeover of public space by cars and parking lots).
The irony.
I live next to Goat Alley, and yes there is a goat.
In 1904, Elizabeth Magie patented “The Landlord’s Game” the original version of what we now know as Monopoly. Her goal wasn’t entertainment. It was education. Magie designed the game to highlight the dangers of wealth inequality and unchecked capitalism, showing how landlords could bankrupt tenants while enriching themselves.
She pitched the game to Parker Brothers but was told it was too complex. Decades later, Charles Darrow discovered her idea, made a few changes, and sold it to Parker Brothers as his own invention.
He became the first millionaire game designer. Magie, despite holding the original patent, received just $500 and no credit.
Of course the original story is worse than the “game.” Ugh.
Darrow likely didn’t even know of Magie. Most board games of the time were often copied and shared among friends—all you need are paper cards, a paper mat, dice, and maybe … some thimbles. This would lead to evolutions of the various board games as rules were misremembered, edited, or simplified. Darrow did wrongly claim to have invented his, but most people playing it at the time knew nothing of the original creator or the game’s original intent.
The big mistake in creating the rules of the game is that everyone starts with the same amount of money. In my opinion there should be 6 or 12 different starting amounts determined by rolling a die or two.
That would have helped the game better illustrate the point it was intended to make.
I think giving everyone equal amount of money at the start is ideal to demonstrate the notion of equal opportunity.
You could try and create game for equal outcome….but who would play it
I believe there are 4 components to outcome and you need at least 3 to succeed:
Ability Effort Opportunity Luck
Successful people tend to discount the impact of the last two and unsuccessful people tend to discount the impact of the first two.
I actually think equal starting cash works in its own way.
It demonstrates that the issues in the game are inevitable. Even with equal starting points, the game will unbalance itself eventually.
That's actually a damned good idea, u/PissBloodCumShart!
It would have simulated how we don't come from equal financial backgrounds.
Also, if ur white, u get a 10x on every die roll. I mean, if we're being realistic
I like the Russian one.. noone owns anything and every other cell is gulag
When go past go, you receive a cabbage and a bottle of vodka.
How very capitalistic.
Board games were commonly copied and shared at the time rather than bought. Most people playing Magie’s game were likely unaware of her, the original rules, or the original intent. Darrow did falsely claim to have invented it, but he probably knew nothing of Magie. And 31 years had passed, so Parker Brothers also probably didn’t make the connection and had evolved their business.
I don’t know about newer copies, but I have an old copy that actually has instructions for a 30 minute game. I think it says you just stop playing after 30 minutes and whoever has the most money and assets in cash wins.
I guess that's how it is. Although I did play a game one when we battled till the end. The other 2 got bankrupted.
There was only one game that never ended, even after days of bringing it back out. My brother and I borrowed money from the game of Life, because it had $100,000 bills. Eventually we just stopped getting it back out.
I used to play a game every week with a kid I tutored. I learned a lot.
Like ?
Like how to play Monopoly
Like the orange and red properties are the best because they have the highest probabilities for people landing there. The orange are actually better because it only costs $100 to build a house or hotel but the hotel rent is $2k, for the third one, which is the space with the highest probability to land in the game.
The kid I was tutoring seemed to have figured this out intuitively. But I looked up which spaces have the highest probabilities and it's those.
You can safely try your best against kids 3rd grade and up because they'll usually win anyway.
Throwing the dice one at a time is considered cheating by some people. Especially 3rd graders. They seem to have a very arbitrary sense of fair play.
The utilities are a waste of money.
The railroads are good for early game but by the end you may as well mortgage them.
You can make the game way more exciting by giving yourself stimulus payments, and doubling or tripling the default starting amounts.
Park Place and Boardwalk are a fool's errand, but it's good to buy one of them just to prevent an unlikely monopoly that could bankrupt you.
I tried to use my long held strategy of mortgaging everything except monopolies to improve as much as possible as fast as possible, but the fewer players there are, the less effective this is. Especially if there are only two players, it is a war of attrition and you should choose one monopoly (orange or red, yellow in a pinch) to focus on without mortgaging anything.
We played the Pixar version of Monopoly so I learned a lot of Pixar landmarks too. I have not watched Cars in 10 years but I know Flo's V8 Cafe, for example. In Pixar Monopoly, the orange properties are from Ratatouille. Sewers of Paris is the best one. I think it is New York Ave in the original game, or St James Place maybe.
the game ended after someone's bankrupt, right?
if yes, then i have finished the game.
Me and my friend once played a single game for 15 hours straight we haven't played since
oop just looked it up, she's the one it was stolen from.
*makes game about problems of capitalism*
*is robbed of credit by problems of capitalism*
*game is distorted to downplay critique of capitalism*
*game eventually reinforces problems of capitalism*
I thought the monopoly man always had a monocle?
Wow thank you for sharing. My head has exploded
Strong evidence wow
This is one of my strongest changes along with Kit-Kat
100% he had a monocle, for me - no doubts whatsoever
Yep. Really freaking weird. Definitely had that ��
Has anyone ever categorized people into certain timeline delineations based on what they remember? Like I remember Chic Fil-A, Monopoly man with a Monocle, "Luke I am your father", Kit-Kat, so on and so forth? I know the permutations would be out there, but would be fun to say, I'm from the A12-b timeline.. or something to that effect. lol
That would be interesting, even if it didn't end up showing very much. You'd wanna be careful with the method of data collection, a lot of the posts on here are infinitely frustrating in the way they're laid out.
A recent one that really irked me, as I had untainted memories I would've liked to evaluate beforehand, was:
Hpnotiq or Hypnotic? Accompanied by a huge picture of a bottle reading "Hpnotiq"
If wanting to go about it in as scientific a way possible, without influencing anyone's memories with the question asked, a much better way of phrasing it would've been "what was the name of the fruity blue liqueur girls were nuts about, that when mixed with Hennessy made an Incredible Hulk?" Without the picture of course.
So, "How do you remember... Rich Uncle Pennybags? Vader's declaration of paternity to his son? the live action genie film from the mid-nineties?" that sort of thing. Also a box to tick with each question if they have prior knowledge of that particular effect, though you'd probably have to let that slide to get any results at all. Most people don't perceive a change until it's presented to them as such, and obviously the fact that the survey would be conducted on this or a similar sub.
Still, though, it would be fun
The thought came to me from a show I watched ages ago I think on ABC. It was called FlashForward. They cancelled it (of course) but the concept was interesting. There was this mass sleep scenario where everyone in the world fell asleep for x amount of minutes or seconds. Forgot which one. And in that time frame, everyone affected saw their future 6 months in advance. To a specific date. There were people who didn't see anything which meant most likely they weren't around. I think the actor from the famous Jett Jackson was in it. They had a hotline and blog posts linking what happened to the everyone and they created this cross referencing system to sort if piece together the events of the future (the 6 months in advanced.)
It doesn’t seem possible based on my attempts.
Jim Carrey remembers
i clearly remember the monocle in monopoly game when i was a child
It’s an old game because the shrink wrap is off since these old people apparently played board games or something
Uh what? Luxury taxes still exist. I know youre trying to be witty but at least educate yourself first.
Lol confidently incorrect
And because people don't travel in thimbles anymore.
Also free parking
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Gosh this article is trying so hard not to mention the words capitalism and socialist they might break their back
The 2019 Monopoly game is live and runs from now through May 7th. Feel free to use this group to discuss the game. For official rules and odds of winning, visit the official website at: https://www.shopplaywin.com
I haven't been able to cash in either my box tops or my shutterfly instant winner monoplies. Guess they are lost.
Safeway will no longer honor a replacement for the aspirin prize. Lame.
I won the $50 grocery gift card on the employee game board. I guess a few minutes after my grocery trips paid off!
This game has turned out to be a SCAM. This weekend it has been almost impossible to scan game pieces for tokens - error message says that server is busy. Then if you can get through online via PC, you get a message that the piece has already been entered by another customer. SCAM
Same. Can't even get grocery rewards any more.
All Safeway's are dumping tickets all weekend, and especially today, we are overloading the server
I have a ton of those coupons that come with the pieces (like 50 cents off aluminum foil or a free can of vegetables, stuff like that). Can I take them all to the store and redeem them all at once, or do I have to do a separate transaction for each item?
Yes you can I just redeemed 8 donuts and a French bread yesterday. No issues at all
You can redeem multiple coupons per transaction, but you can’t double up the same coupons in one transaction. Example: you can use a free donut coupon and a free water bottle coupon at the same time, but you can’t use two free donut coupons
History of Monopoly game
Key Considerations in the History of Monopoly:
Origins:
Development:
Parker Brothers:
World War II:
Cultural Impact:
Modern Era:
Takeaways:
Recommendation: If you're interested in exploring different versions, consider themed editions that reflect your interests, such as city-specific versions or pop culture themes, to enhance your gameplay experience.
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